AVR Microcontroller

1) Introduction to Microcontroller

• So, microcontroller consists of two words micro & controller.                                                        Micro means extremely small.                                                                                                        Controller means which actually, controls the working i.e device or software that manages  or direct the flow of data between two entities.
• Microcontroller v/s Microprocessor                                                                                                  Microcontroller - A microcontroller is 'all in one' or we can say system on chip i.e whole system is included in one chip, the processor, ram, IO all on the one chip, as such you cannot (say) increase the amount of RAM available or the number of IO ports. The controlling bus is internal and not available to the board designer.                                                                                 Microprocessor - A microprocessor generally does not have RAM, ROM and IO pins. It usually uses its pins as a bus to interface to peripherals such as RAM, ROM, Serial ports, Digital and Analog IO. It is expandable at the board level due to this.

2) AVR Microcontroller

• Actually, there is no specific elaboration for AVR but, we say Alf and Vegard's RISC or (Advanced Virtual RISC).
• It works on 8-bit mode.
• RISC (reduced instruction set computer) is a microprocessor that is designed to perform a smaller number of types of computer instructions so that it can operate at a higher speed.

Learning about embedded programming and also do embedded hardware.

Also, we use ATMEL Studio 6 as programming platform. Moreover, using the C language.

3) Using ATMEGA32

• 8-bit Microcontroller with 32KBytes In-System Programmable Flash.
• 32Kbytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory. 
• 1024Bytes EEPROM.
• 2Kbytes Internal SRAM. 
• Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM.